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These are the steps necessary to install <a href="https://www.archlinux.org/">Arch Linux</a> with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Unified_Key_Setup">LUKS</a> disk encryption using <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_Volume_Manager_(Linux)">Logical Volume Manager (LVM)</a> under <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_Extensible_Firmware_Interface">EFI</a>.
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### <a href="https://www.archlinux.org/download/">Download</a> the ISO and create a bootable USB
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### <a href="https://www.archlinux.org/download/">Download</a> the ISO and create a bootable USB thumb drive
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The simplest way to create a bootable USB on Linux is using the dd command:
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sudo dd bs=4M if=/path_to_arch_.iso of=/dev/sdX && sync
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@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ The simplest way to create a bootable USB on Linux is using the dd command:
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Hold F12 during startup to access bios. If secure boot is enabled it must be turned off since Linux boot loaders don't typically have digital signatures. Secure boot is enabled by default on most modern Windows hardware. Note that if you intend on running a dual-boot system with Windows and Linux you won't be able to use disk encryption on the partition containing Windows, as it requires secure boot.
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### Boot Arch Linux from the live USB
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### Boot Arch Linux from the USB thumb drive
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Hold F12 during startup to access startup menu. Select the USB drive and boot into Arch.
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@@ -28,21 +28,20 @@ To connect to a WiFi network:
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### Make sure EFI is running
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Most modern systems use EFI instead of MBR to boot. The disk partitioning is slightly different on EFI systems. This document assumes EFI. If EFI is running, the following command should show output:
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Most modern systems use EFI. Let's make sure. The following command should output a list of variables. If it doesn't then EFI is not enabled.
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efivar -l
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### Zero the hard drive
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First, delete any existing partitions from the drive. To see how your drive is partitioned use `fdisk -l`. If you need to remove partitions use;
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### Delete existing disk partitions
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This step is only necessary if you are using a drive with existing partitions. To see how your drive is partitioned use `fdisk -l`. If you need to remove partitions you can use parted:
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parted -s /dev/sda rm 1
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parted -s /dev/sda rm 2
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parted -s /dev/sda rm 3
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etc.
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Then zero the drive with random data:
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### Zero the hard drive with random data
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dd if=/dev/urandom of=/dev/sd* status=progress
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@@ -53,88 +52,126 @@ Then zero the drive with random data:
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### Partition the drive
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There are a number of tools available. This is how to do it using parted:
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parted /dev/sda
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(parted) mklabel gpt
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(parted) mkpart primary 1MiB 500MiB name 1 boot
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(parted) mkpart primary 501MiB 100% name 2 root
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(parted) quit
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### Create a physical volume
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pvcreate /dev/sda2
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### Create a volume group
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I'm naming it 'arch'
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vgcreate arch /dev/sda2
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### Create logical volumes for swap and root
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NOTE: The amount of swap space is a function of how much ram you have. The minimum, assuming you have at least 8GB of RAM, should be 4GB, up to 1.5 times RAM. (ie, 8GB RAM = 12GB swap).
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The sizes below can be specified in megabytes (100M) or gigs (10G)
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lvcreate -n swap -L 500M arch
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lvcreate -n root -l 100%FREE arch
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### Encrypt the partition and create the filesystem
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cryptsetup luksFormat -v -s 512 -h sha512 /dev/mapper/LVM-root
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### Decrypt the newly encrypted partition
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cryptsetup open /dev/mapper/arch-root root
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### Format the partitions:
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mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1
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mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/root
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### Mount the volumes
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mount /dev/mapper/root /mnt
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mkdir /mnt/boot
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mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
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### Format root and home partitions using
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mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdxX
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### Format/Enable SWAP
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mkswap /dev/sdaZ
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swapon /dev/sdaZ
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### Check partitions with this command
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lsblk /dev/sdx
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### Mount root and home partitions
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mount /dev/sdxX /mnt
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mkdir /mnt/home
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mount /dev/sdxY /mnt/home
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### Choose download mirror (optional)
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nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
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nano /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
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### Install base packages
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pacstrap -i /mnt base base-devel
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pacstrap -i /mnt base base-devel
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### Configure fstab (run only once!) and verify it
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genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
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nano /mnt/etc/fstab
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genfstab -U -p /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
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nano /mnt/etc/fstab
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### Change to your root directory
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arch-chroot /mnt
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arch-chroot /mnt
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### Language and Time Zone settings (find and un-comment)
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nano /etc/locale.gen
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locale-gen
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echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
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export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
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s
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ls /usr/share/zoneinfo/
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ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/<zone>/ /etc/localtime
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hwclock --systohc --utc
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nano /etc/locale.gen
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locale-gen
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echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
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export LANG=en_US.UTF-8
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s
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ls /usr/share/zoneinfo/
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ln -s /usr/share/zoneinfo/<zone>/ /etc/localtime
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hwclock --systohc --utc
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### Set hostname
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Note: Change "arch" to whatever you want your host to be.
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Note: Change "arch" to whatever you want your host to be.
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echo arch > /etc/hostname
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### Create users (create admin psswd)
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### useradd -m -g [initial_group] -G [additional_groups] -s [login_shell] [username]
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useradd -m -g users -G wheel,storage,power -s /bin/bash
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passwd <username>
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passwd
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### Create user
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useradd -m -G wheel,users -s /bin/bash <username>
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### Set password for user
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passwd <username>
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### Set root password:
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passwd
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### Install sudo / add user to the admin-group
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pacman -S sudo bash-completion
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EDITOR=nano visudo
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pacman -S sudo bash-completion
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EDITOR=nano visudo
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### and un-comment:
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%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
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%wheel ALL=(ALL) ALL
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### Enable multilib repositories: find and un-comment both lines
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nano /etc/pacman.conf
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[multilib]
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Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
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nano /etc/pacman.conf
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[multilib]
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Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
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### Add Yaourt repository (same file pacman.conf)
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[archlinuxfr]
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SigLevel = Never
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Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/$arch
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[archlinuxfr]
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SigLevel = Never
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Server = http://repo.archlinux.fr/$arch
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### and install yaourt
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pacman -Sy yaourt customizepkg rsync
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pacman -Sy yaourt customizepkg rsync
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### Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA)
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pacman -S alsa-utils pulseaudio alsa-oss alsa-lib
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amixer sset Master unmute
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pacman -S alsa-utils pulseaudio alsa-oss alsa-lib
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amixer sset Master unmute
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### to test sound
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speaker-test -c 2
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speaker-test -c 2
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### Install Boot-loader (grub)
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pacman -S grub
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grub-install --target=i386-pc --recheck /dev/sdx
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pacman -S os-prober
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grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
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### Enable ethernet interface service at boot (find interface with ip link)
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systemctl enable dhcpcd@.service
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